Uladzislau Bayouski

MQTT: The Tiny Protocol Powering Millions of IoT Devices In 1999, two engineers needed to monitor oil pipelines stretching across remote desert terrain. Thousands of sensors. Hundreds of kilometres. Satellite links that were slow, expensive, and unreliable. Every unnecessary byte of data cost real money. Every dropped connection could mean a missed reading on a pipeline carrying millions of dollars worth of oil. HTTP wasn't going to cut it. So they built something new. Something with a minimum message size of two bytes. Something that assumed the network would fail. They called it MQTT. Twenty-five years later, it runs your smart home, your hospital monitors, your fleet tracking, and your factory floor. Not bad for a protocol built to watch oil flow through a desert pipe. 🔧 The Short Version MQTT is a publish/subscribe messaging protocol — and its architecture is its superpower. Instead of devices talking directly to each other, everything flows through a central broker : ...

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There are 19.8 billion IoT devices in the world right now. Every single one needs power. Most of them run on a battery. And in the most useful deployments — sensors inside factory walls, trackers on livestock in remote fields, monitors sealed inside bridge supports — that battery is essentially impossible to replace. Multiply that problem by 40 billion devices by 2034. The math breaks down entirely. Energy harvesting is the fix. And in 2026, it's finally at scale. 🔋 The Short Version Instead of storing energy in a chemical cell that degrades over time, harvesting devices capture energy that already exists in their environment — continuously, passively, for free. No replacement schedule. No maintenance crews. No e-waste from dead cells. Four sources power most deployments: Solar — indoor photovoltaics now optimised for dim warehouse lighting and fluorescent tubes; smart shipping labels that track pallets through supply chains without ever touching a battery Thermal — the...

For years, engineering teams were execution engines. Product decided what to build. Business decided where to go. Engineering shipped it. That model is changing. Fast. The Short Version Jellyfish's 2026 State of Engineering Management report lands a clear message: AI is no longer just a developer productivity tool. It's becoming a business strategy — and the engineering teams that adopt it well aren't just shipping more code, they're operating differently. The numbers are hard to ignore: 64% of respondents report at least a 25% increase in developer velocity from AI 92% of teams with very high AI adoption say their company's growth outlook is stronger than last year — vs. 69% for low-adoption teams 84% say engineering productivity is now a top management concern 75% say it's a strategic concern for the business — not just an internal R&D metric And in a remarkable shift in under a year, Claude Code became the most popular AI coding tool among...

There are more connected devices on Earth than there are people. Each one is a potential entry point. Each one is a potential weapon. The IoT security threat landscape in 2025 isn't what it was three years ago — and most defences haven't caught up. The Short Version The attack surface has exploded. So has the sophistication of the attacks. Here are the ten threats reshaping IoT security right now: Device hijacking 🤖 — unsecured cameras, thermostats, and locks turned into network backdoors or remote spying tools Botnets & DDoS 💥 — armies of infected devices weaponised to knock banks, hospitals, and infrastructure offline (Mirai was just the preview) Data breaches 🔓 — IoT devices collect health data, location, and behaviour; a single compromised hub can expose years of deeply personal details Weak authentication 🔑 — default passwords still shipping in 2025; a dictionary attack takes minutes Firmware vulnerabilities 🛠️ — unpatched devices running software fr...

On October 21, 2016, Twitter, Netflix, Reddit, Spotify, and CNN went dark simultaneously across the entire US east coast. Governments and security agencies braced for a nation-state cyberattack. It was three college students trying to win at Minecraft. The Short Version Paras Jha, Josiah White, and Dalton Norman built Mirai to knock rival Minecraft servers offline — a petty competitive advantage in a game economy. The weapon they built was anything but petty. Mirai worked by scanning the internet for IoT devices — security cameras, DVRs, home routers — still running factory default credentials. "admin/admin." "root/12345." "password." It tried 61 combinations. Most devices let it straight in. Within 20 hours of release, Mirai had infected 65,000 devices, doubling in size every 76 minutes. At its peak: over 600,000 hijacked devices. A botnet more powerful than anything ever assembled. Here's what it did with them: September 2016 : took down OVH...